Metformin Prescription in Canada: Everything You Need to Know Introduction: Metformin is a widely prescribed medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs called biguanides, which work by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. In Canada, metformin is available by prescription only, and there are specific guidelines that healthcare providers must follow when prescribing this medication. How does Metformin work? Metformin works by inhibiting the production of glucose in the liver, which helps to regulate blood sugar levels. It also increases the body's sensitivity to insulin, allowing glucose to enter the cells more efficiently. This results in lower blood sugar levels and improved glucose control. Who should take Metformin? Metformin is typically prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not able to achieve adequate glucose control with lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise alone. It may also be prescribed for patients with type 1 diabetes who are at high risk of developing complications from diabetes. What are the potential side effects of Metformin? Like all medications, metformin can cause side effects, although they are generally mild and temporary. Common side effects of metformin include: * Diarrhea * Nausea and vomiting * Abdominal pain * Headache * Fatigue * Weakness More serious side effects of metformin are rare, but can include: * Lactic acidosis (a buildup of lactic acid in the blood) * Vitamin B12 deficiency * Increased risk of heart problems How to take Metformin? Metformin is usually taken orally, once or twice daily, with meals to reduce stomach upset. It is important to follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider and not miss or skip doses. If you experience side effects or have questions about taking metformin, it is best to consult with your healthcare provider. What precautions should be taken when taking Metformin? There are certain precautions that patients taking metformin should be aware of, including: * Alcohol consumption: Patients taking metformin should avoid excessive alcohol consumption, as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis. * Vitamin B12 deficiency: Metformin can interfere with the absorption of vitamin B12, so patients may need to take supplements or have their vitamin B12 levels monitored regularly. * Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Metformin is not recommended for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it can be harmful to the developing fetus or infant. What are the potential drug interactions with Metformin? Metformin can interact with other medications, including: * ACE inhibitors and ARBs (blood pressure medications) * Insulin and sulfonylureas (other diabetes medications) * Warfarin (a blood thinner) * Certain antibiotics and antiseizure medications It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking, as these interactions can increase the risk of side effects or reduce the effectiveness of metformin. Monitoring and followup: Regular monitoring and followup appointments with your healthcare provider are important to assess the effectiveness of metformin and monitor for potential side effects. Your healthcare provider may also adjust your dosage or recommend changes to your diet and exercise routine based on your blood sugar levels and overall health. Conclusion: Metformin is a safe and effective medication for treating type 2 diabetes, but it is important to follow the guidelines provided by your healthcare provider when taking this medication. By understanding how metformin works, who should take it, and the potential side effects and precautions, you can effectively manage your diabetes and improve your overall health.
